For beginners

For beginners · Reading time: 7 min

What Is a Candlestick? Reading Bullish and Bearish Candles

Learn candlestick basics through open, high, low and close, bullish and bearish candles, wicks and chart timeframes.

At a glance

A candlestick shows the open, close, high and low of a given period in 1 candle. A bullish candle closes above its open, while a bearish candle closes below its open. Instead of relying only on colour, check the positions of the open, high, low and close.

What you will learn

  • A candlestick shows OHLC in 1 candle.
  • Read bullish and bearish candles from their open and close.
  • Wicks show price extensions toward the high and low.
  • Changing the timeframe changes the period represented by 1 candle.

What is a candlestick?

A single candlestick represents price movement over a given period. The Chart Settings section of MetaTrader 5 Help explains that OHLC displays the open, high, low and close.

Diagram: Candlestick OHLC
Bullish candleOpen → Close moves upwardHigh / Low / Body / Wick
Bearish candleOpen → Close moves downwardHigh / Low / Body / Wick
OHLCRead the open, high, low and close in 1 candle

What can 1 candlestick tell you?

From 1 candlestick, you read the relationship between the open, close, high and low.

What is the open?

The open is the price at the start of the period represented by that candle.

What is the close?

The close is the price at the end of the period represented by that candle.

What are the high and low?

The high is the highest price during that period; the low is the lowest price.

What is a bullish candle?

A bullish candle closes above its open. Colours vary with platform settings, so check the labels and relative positions.

What is a bearish candle?

A bearish candle closes below its open. Look at the relationship between the open and close, not only the colour.

What do the wicks show?

The wicks show how far prices extended to the high and low during the period.

Does the meaning change with the timeframe?

Yes. On a 1-minute chart, 1 candle represents a different period from 1 candle on a daily chart.

What should beginners focus on?

Begin with OHLC and the basics of bullish and bearish candles, without trying to memorise too many pattern names.

Key points

  • Candlesticks represent the open, high, low and close.
  • Read bullish and bearish candles from the relationship between the open and close.
  • Use labels and positions, not colour alone.
  • Changing the timeframe changes the period represented by 1 candle.

Summary

Candlesticks are a foundation for reading charts. Next, learn about market, limit and stop orders used when placing a trade.

Frequently asked questions

What does a candlestick represent?

It represents the open, close, high and low for a given period.

Does colour determine whether a candle is bullish or bearish?

Colour settings vary by platform, so check the relative positions of the open and close.

What does a long wick mean?

It shows a larger price extension toward the high or low during the period. Consider other information as well when making trading decisions.

Sources and references

Edited by: FX Minutes Editorial Team