For beginners

For beginners · Reading time: 6 min

What Is a Pip? Understanding Forex Price Movements

Learn what pips measure, why quote displays differ between currency pairs, and why a pip movement is not the same as a cash profit.

At a glance

Pips are units used to express the size of price movements in forex. Saying that a price moved 20 pips describes how far it moved, not the profit amount itself. Reading pips requires attention to the currency pair, price display and trading platform, so it is important not to assume that 1 pip always has the same cash value.

What you will learn

  • Pips express how far a price moves.
  • Pips are not a cash profit amount.
  • Check currency-pair and platform display conventions.
  • Lot size helps explain the relationship between pips and profit or loss.

What are pips?

Pips are units used to express the size of price movements in forex. The CFTC glossary also describes a pip as the smallest price unit of a currency or commodity.

Diagram: Expressing price movements in pips
PriceDisplays differ by currency pair

Pip unitsRead the size of the move

ComparisonUnderstand the size of the movement

Why use pips?

Price displays differ between currency pairs. Pips provide a common unit for expressing how far a price has moved.

How do you read pips in USD/JPY?

For currency pairs involving the yen, such as USD/JPY, pay attention to decimal displays and the number of digits used by the trading platform. Educational articles may simplify the explanation, so check the actual display.

How do you read pips in EUR/USD?

Currency pairs such as EUR/USD use a different number of displayed price digits from USD/JPY. When reading pips, check the display convention for the currency pair.

Are pips and points the same?

Some trading platforms display a unit smaller than a pip as a point. Names and digit conventions vary between services, so check the on-screen explanation or specifications.

Pips are not the same as a profit amount

Even if a price moves 20 pips, the profit amount varies with trade size, currency pair and account currency, among other factors. Pips measure a price movement, not a cash amount itself.

What should beginners look for?

Thinking of pips as a ruler for price movement can make them easier to understand. Before memorizing cash-value calculations, practise reading which direction a price moved and how far.

Key points

  • Pips are units for expressing forex price movements.
  • They measure price movement, not a profit amount.
  • Pay attention to the currency pair and the number of displayed digits.
  • Learning about lots makes the relationship between pips and profit or loss easier to understand.

Summary

Pips provide a shared way to express forex price movements. However, 1 pip does not necessarily have the same cash value. Next, learn about lots and their relationship to profit and loss amounts.

Frequently asked questions

What are pips?

They are units used to express the size of price movements in forex.

Do pips mean the profit amount?

No. Pips measure price movement; the actual profit amount varies with trade size, currency pair and other conditions.

Does 1 pip always have the same cash value?

No. How it is read and converted into money depends on the currency pair, lot size, account currency, displayed digits and other conditions.

Sources and references

Edited by: FX Minutes Editorial Team